Class 8 · Chapter 9

The Baudhāyana-Pythagoras Theorem

Pythagoras theorem and its applications.

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Ganita Prakash · Class 8 Part 2 (2026-27)

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Detailed theory

In a right triangle, area of square on hypotenuse = sum of areas of squares on other two sides.

c^2 = a^2 + b^2

Key concepts & formulas

In right triangle:

a^2 + b^2 = c^2

(hypotenuse

c

Also stated in the Śulba Sūtras (Baudhāyana) — ancient Indian mathematics.

**Pythagorean triples**: integer

(a, b, c)

with

a^2+b^2=c^2

. Ex: (3,4,5), (5,12,13).

Converse: if

a^2+b^2=c^2

, the triangle is right-angled.

Distance between points

(x_1,y_1)

and

(x_2, y_2)

\sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2 + (y_2-y_1)^2}